Skip to content

Data Science Tutorials

For Data Science Learners

  • Confidence Intervals in R
    Confidence Intervals in R R
  • How to perform MANOVA test in R
    How to perform the MANOVA test in R? R
  • R Percentage by Group Calculation
    R Percentage by Group Calculation R
  • How to perform TBATS Model in R
    How to perform TBATS Model in R R
  • How to Filter Rows In R
    How to Filter Rows In R? R
  • Adding Subtitles in ggplot2 R
  • Predictive Modeling and Data Science
    Predictive Modeling and Data Science Machine Learning
  • How to Perform Bootstrapping in R
    How to Perform Bootstrapping in R R
how to draw heatmap in r

How to draw heatmap in r: Quick and Easy way

Posted on May 16May 16 By Admin No Comments on How to draw heatmap in r: Quick and Easy way

How to draw heatmap in r?, A heatmap is essentially a table with colors replacing the numbers. The colors represent the measuring level. It can help you locate highs and lows, as well as patterns.

In this article, We’ll show you how to create a clustered heatmap with the R programming language’s pheatmap package.

Let’s get this article started,

How to draw heatmap in r

Raivo Kolde’s pheatmap program provides great control over heatmap proportions and appearance. The package’s main benefit is that it allows users to visually cluster heatmaps.

How to interpret Margin of Error Results? ยป

Software Package with Example Data and Heatmaps

Let’s start by creating some sample data.

set.seed(123)                
data <- matrix(round(rnorm(150), 2), nrow = 15)
colnames(data) <- LETTERS[1:10]
rownames(data) <- letters[1:15]
data                                
    A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H     I     J
a -0.56  1.79  0.43 -1.12  0.38  1.03  0.99 -0.05  0.12  1.13
b -0.23  0.50 -0.30 -0.40 -0.50 -0.28  0.55 -0.78 -0.95 -1.46
c  1.56 -1.97  0.90 -0.47 -0.33 -1.22  0.24 -1.67 -0.49  0.74
d  0.07  0.70  0.88  0.78 -1.02  0.18 -0.63 -0.38 -0.26  1.91
e  0.13 -0.47  0.82 -0.08 -1.07 -0.14  1.36  0.92  1.84 -1.44
f  1.72 -1.07  0.69  0.25  0.30  0.01 -0.60 -0.58 -0.65  0.70
g  0.46 -0.22  0.55 -0.03  0.45  0.39  2.19  0.61  0.24 -0.26
h -1.27 -1.03 -0.06 -0.04  0.05 -0.37  1.53 -1.62  0.08 -1.57
i -0.69 -0.73 -0.31  1.37  0.92  0.64 -0.24 -0.06 -0.96 -1.51
j -0.45 -0.63 -0.38 -0.23  2.05 -0.22 -1.03  0.52 -0.07 -1.60
k  1.22 -1.69 -0.69  1.52 -0.49  0.33 -0.71  0.30  1.44 -0.53
l  0.36  0.84 -0.21 -1.55 -2.31  1.10  0.26  0.11  0.45 -1.46
m  0.40  0.15 -1.27  0.58  1.01  0.44 -0.25 -0.64  0.04  0.69
n  0.11 -1.14  2.17  0.12 -0.71 -0.33 -0.35 -0.85 -0.42  2.10
o -0.56  1.25  1.21  0.22 -0.69  1.15 -0.95 -1.02 -2.05 -1.29

Take a look at the table above. Our sample data is a matrix with 15 rows and ten numerical columns labeled “A,” “B,” “C,” “D,” “E,” “F,” “G,” “H,” “I,” and “J.”

If we wish to use the functions provided in the package, we must additionally install and load the pheatmap package into R.

install.packages("pheatmap")        
library("pheatmap")

Let’s use the pheatmap package to create some heatmaps!

Example 1: Using the pheatmap Package, create a default heatmap

The pheatmap function is used to draw a heatmap in the following code. Note that the only thing we need to mention is the name of the data matrix we wish to draw.

pheatmap(data)                      

Figure 1 shows the visual made by the previous R code – a heatmap created using the pheatmap package’s default settings.

How to make a rounded corner bar plot in R? – Data Science Tutorials

Example 2: Create a heatmap using kmeans clusters

The pheatmap function has a number of extra options that can be used to make the heatmap more appealing and show more clusters.

Example 2 explains how to partition our heatmap into a specific number of clusters using the kmeans cluster method (i.e. 4).

pheatmap(data, kmeans_k = 4)

Our data is represented in Figure 2 as a heatmap with four clusters. The cells in these clusters have been merged, as you can see.

Example 3: Create a heatmap with row clusters

We’ll teach you how to partition our heatmap without merging the cells in the distinct groups in Example 3. (as in Example 2).

As shown below, the cutree rows option in the pheatmap function can be used for this.

5 Free Books to Learn Statistics For Data Science – Data Science Tutorials

pheatmap(data, cutree_rows = 4)

Our heatmap is divided into four categories by rows in Figure 3.

Example 4: Create a heatmap with row and column clusters

This example shows how to divide a heatmap into columns and rows (not only by rows as in Example 3).

In addition to the cutree rows parameter, we must also specify the cutree cols argument.

pheatmap(data, cutree_rows = 4, cutree_cols = 3)

Our heatmap is clustered by rows and columns in Figure 4.

For interesting posts, don’t forget to subscribe to the newsletter.

Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription.

R Tags:heatmap

Post navigation

Previous Post: Change ggplot2 Theme Color in R ggthemr Package
Next Post: Subsetting with multiple conditions in R

Related Posts

  • Error in sum(List) : invalid 'type' (list) of argument
    Error in sum(List) : invalid ‘type’ (list) of argument R
  • Hypothesis Testing in R Programming
    Hypothesis Testing in R Programming R
  • Mastering the table() Function in R R
  • ggdogs on ggplot2
    ggdogs on ggplot2 R
  • Jarque-Bera Test in R
    Jarque-Bera Test in R With Examples R
  • Two-Way ANOVA Example in R
    How to perform a one-sample t-test in R? R

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

  • Best Prompt Engineering Books
  • Understanding Machine Learning and Data Science
  • Best Git Books
  • Top 5 Books to Learn Data Engineering
  • Mastering R Programming for Data Science: Tips and Tricks
  • About Us
  • Contact
  • Disclaimer
  • Privacy Policy

https://www.r-bloggers.com

  • YouTube
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • Course
  • Excel
  • Machine Learning
  • Opensesame
  • R
  • Statistics

Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription.

  • Checking Missing Values in R
    Checking Missing Values in R R
  • How to Create a Frequency Table by Group in R
    How to Create a Frequency Table by Group in R? R
  • Crosstab calculation in R
    Crosstab calculation in R R
  • Extract certain rows of data set in R R
  • 5 Free Books to Learn Statistics For Data Science
    5 Free Books to Learn Statistics For Data Science Course
  • Steps to Mastering Natural Language Processing
    Steps to Mastering Natural Language Processing Machine Learning
  • Filter Using Multiple Conditions in R
    Filter Using Multiple Conditions in R R
  • One proportion Z Test in R
    One proportion Z Test in R R

Privacy Policy

Copyright © 2025 Data Science Tutorials.

Powered by PressBook News WordPress theme